C9903
Cholera Toxin B subunit
≥95% (SDS-PAGE), lyophilized powder, enterotoxin
Synonym(s):
CTB
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About This Item
Product Name
Cholera Toxin B subunit, ≥95% (SDS-PAGE), lyophilized powder
SMILES string
CCOc1ccccc1C(=O)Nc2ccc(Cl)c(c2)C(F)(F)F
InChI
1S/C16H13ClF3NO2/c1-2-23-14-6-4-3-5-11(14)15(22)21-10-7-8-13(17)12(9-10)16(18,19)20/h3-9H,2H2,1H3,(H,21,22)
InChI key
YDXZSNHARVUYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
assay
≥95% (SDS-PAGE)
form
lyophilized powder
mol wt
~12 kDa
composition
Protein, ~5% Lowry
impurities
≤0.5% Cholera toxin A subunit (SDS-PAGE)
solubility
H2O: 10 mg/mL
storage temp.
2-8°C
Quality Level
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Analysis Note
Activity measured by ELISA using ganglioside GM1-coated multiwell plates, rabbit anti-Cholera toxin B subunit antibodies, and peroxidase-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG as the secondary antibody. 50% saturation of binding was achieved with 0.05-1 μg of Cholera toxin B subunit per mL.
Application
Cholera Toxin B subunit has been used:
- for macrophage stimulation and i.p. injection in a study to determine the endotoxin sensitivity of Caspase-4.
- in transganglionic and retrograde tract-tracing method combined with dual-immunofluorescence histochemistry of adult rat Vmes neuron cells.
Biochem/physiol Actions
The cholera toxin B subunit is used for track tracing in neurological research, taking advantage of GM1 ganglioside binding and retrograde transport.
The cholera toxin B subunit is used for track tracing in neurological research, taking advantage of GM1 ganglioside binding and retrograde transport. Tissue culture cells treated with cholera toxin are not killed and tissues of animals do not become necrotic.
Features and Benefits
This compound is a featured product for Cyclic Nucleotide research. Click here to discover more featured Cyclic Nucleotide products. Learn more about bioactive small molecules for other areas of research at sigma.com/discover-bsm.
General description
Cholera Toxin is a heterohexameric AB5 enterotoxin. Cholera Toxin B subunit is the the B subunit pentamer of cholera toxin produced by Vibrio cholera. It is generally involved in the cell trafficking and signalling machineries.
Packaging
Package size based on protein content
Physical form
Lyophilized powder containing Tris buffer salts, sodium chloride, sodium azide, and sodium EDTA.
Preparation Note
When reconstituted with water to a final concentration of 1 mg of CTB per ml, the solution will contain 0.05 M Tris buffer, pH 7.5, 0.2 M NaCl, 3 mM NaN3 and 1 mM sodium EDTA.
signalword
Warning
hcodes
Hazard Classifications
Acute Tox. 4 Dermal - Acute Tox. 4 Inhalation - Aquatic Chronic 3
Storage Class
11 - Combustible Solids
wgk
WGK 3
flash_point_f
Not applicable
flash_point_c
Not applicable
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Lolke De Haan et al.
Molecular membrane biology, 21(2), 77-92 (2004-06-19)
Cholera toxin (Ctx) from Vibrio cholerae and its closely related homologue, heat-labile enterotoxin (Etx) from Escherichia coli have become superb tools for illuminating pathways of cellular trafficking and immune cell function. These bacterial protein toxins should be viewed as conglomerates
Jung Won Youm et al.
FEBS letters, 579(30), 6737-6744 (2005-11-29)
Beta amyloid (Abeta) is believed one of the major pathogens of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the reduction of Abeta is considered a primary therapeutic target. Immunization with Abeta can reduce Abeta burden and pathological features in transgenic AD model mice.
Stefan Achtsnicht et al.
PloS one, 14(7), e0219356-e0219356 (2019-07-06)
Cholera is a life-threatening disease caused by the cholera toxin (CT) as produced by some Vibrio cholerae serogroups. In this research we present a method which directly detects the toxin's B subunit (CTB) in drinking water. For this purpose we
R G Zhang et al.
Journal of molecular biology, 251(4), 550-562 (1995-08-25)
Cholera toxin, a heterohexameric AB5 enterotoxin released by Vibrio cholera, induces a profuse secretory diarrhea in susceptible hosts. Choleragenoid, the B subunit pentamer of cholera toxin, directs the enzymatic A subunit to its target by binding the GM1 gangliosides exposed
You Wang Pang et al.
The Journal of comparative neurology, 498(1), 129-141 (2006-07-21)
The major neuronal components of the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus (Vmes) are primary afferent neurons that convey proprioceptive information from the cranioorofacial regions. In the present study, we examined expression of vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs), VGLUT1 and VGLUT2, in the primary
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