Millipore Sigma Vibrant Logo
 

cnts


240 Results 고급 검색  
검색결과 보기
제품 정보 (6)
문서 정보 (213)
웹 페이지 (21)

결과내 검색 검색을 미세조정하려면 아래의 필터를 이용하십시오

찾으시는 것을 발견할 수 없으십니까?
고객 서비스에 연락하십시오

 
문서 검색을 위한 도움이 필요하신가요?
  • CoA나 CoQ, MSDS 검색을 위해 문서 검색기를 이용해 보세요.
  • 사용자 가이드 또는 매뉴얼을 원하시면 고객 서비스팀에 연락주시기 바랍니다.

  • Pattern differentiation of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs on distinct neuronal types in the rat caudal nucleus of the tractus solitarius. 16716422

    Region- and size-specific neuronal organizations of the caudal nucleus of the tractus solitarius (cNTS) were investigated, followed by analyses of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic input patterns onto specific cell types by patch clamp recordings and immunoelectron microscopy. Cell size distribution and numerical density of cNTS neurons were examined in subregions at levels of the area postrema. In the subpostremal and dorsomedial subnuclei, characterized by the presence of dense glutamatergic and sparse GABAergic somata, small calbindin neurons constituted 42% of the total cells. The medial subnucleus contained large numbers of glutamatergic, GABAergic, and catecholaminergic somata and large tyrosine hydroxylase-containing cells constituted 13% in this region. In total, small neurons (150 microm2) represented about 80% of the cell population in the cNTS. Predominant excitatory postsynaptic currents were observed in the adult small neurons, while inhibitory postsynaptic currents were more evident in larger neurons, irrespective of subnuclear location. This distinct differentiation of postsynaptic current patterns was not evident in neonates. GABAergic synapses were more frequently associated with dendrites of large catecholaminergic cells (73%) than with those of small calbindin-containing cells (10%) in adults. These results indicate that differential synaptic input patterns were developmentally established in distinct small and large neurons.
    문서 타입:
    Reference
    카탈로그 번호:
    MAB377B
    제품명:
    Anti-NeuN Antibody, clone A60, biotin conjugated

  • Can absolute counts of white blood cells in whole blood be performed with a Guava® System?…

    Yes. However, in most cases, an initial dilution step must be performed in buffer such as PBS (Phosphate Buffered Saline) to avoid saturating the system with red blood cell events.
    문서 타입:
    FAQ
    카탈로그 번호:
    Multiple

  • Brevican distinctively assembles extracellular components at the large diameter nodes of Ranvier in the CNS. 19141078

    Brevican is known to be an abundant extracellular matrix component in the adult brain and a structural constituent of perineuronal nets. We herein show that brevican, tenascin-R (TN-R) and phosphacan are present at the nodes of Ranvier on myelinated axons with a particularly large diameter in the central nervous system. A brevican deficiency resulted in a reorganization of the nodal matrices, which was characterized by the shift of TN-R, and concomitantly phosphacan, from an axonal diameter-dependent association with nodes to an axonal diameter independent association. Supported by the co-immunoprecipitation results, these observations indicate that the presence of TN-R and phosphacan at nodes is normally brevican-dependent, while in the absence of brevican these molecules can also be recruited by versican V2. The versican V2 and Bral1 distribution was not affected, thus indicating a brevican-independent role of these two molecules for establishing hyaluronan-binding matrices at the nodes. Our results revealed that brevican plays a crucial role in determining the specialization of the hyaluronan-binding nodal matrix assemblies in large diameter nodes.
    문서 타입:
    Reference
    카탈로그 번호:
    AB1058
    제품명:
    Anti-Influenza B Antibody

  • Reactive changes of interstitial glia and pinealocytes in the rat pineal gland challenged with cell wall components from gram-positive and -negative bacteria. 15617533

    Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major proinflammatory component of gram-negative bacteria, is well known to induce sepsis and microglial activation in the CNS. On the contrary, the effect of products from gram-positive bacteria especially in areas devoid of blood-brain barrier remains to be explored. In the present study, a panel of antibodies, namely, OX-6, OX-42 and ED-1 was used to study the response of microglia/macrophages in the pineal gland of rats given an intravenous LPS or lipoteichoic acid (LTA). These antibodies recognize MHC class II antigens, complement type 3 receptors and unknown lysosomal proteins in macrophages, respectively. In rats given LPS (50 microg/kg) injection and killed 48 h later, the cell density and immunoexpression of OX-6, OX-42 and ED-1 in pineal microglia/macrophages were markedly increased. In rats receiving a high dose (20 mg/kg) of LTA, OX-42 and OX-6, immunoreactivities in pineal microglia/macrophages were also enhanced, but that of ED-1 was not. In addition, both bacterial toxins induced an increase in astrocytic profiles labelled by glial fibrillary acid protein. An interesting feature following LPS or LTA treatment was the lowering effect on serum melatonin, enhanced serotonin immunolabelling and cellular vacuolation as studied by electron microscopy in pinealocytes. The LPS- or LTA-induced vacuoles appeared to originate from the granular endoplasmic reticulum as well as the Golgi saccules. The present results suggest that LPS and LTA could induce immune responses of microglia/macrophages and astroglial activation in the pineal gland. Furthermore, the metabolic and secretory activity of pinealocytes was modified by products from both gram-positive and -negative bacteria.
    문서 타입:
    Reference
    카탈로그 번호:
    AB5804
    제품명:
    Anti-Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) Antibody

  • Regulation of RCK1 currents with a cAMP analog via enhanced protein synthesis and direct channel phosphorylation. 7782324

    We have recently shown that the rat brain Kv1.1 (RCK1) voltage-gated K+ channel is partially phosphorylated in its basal state in Xenopus oocytes and can be further phosphorylated upon treatment for a short time with a cAMP analog (Ivanina, T., Perts, T., Thornhill, W. B., Levin, G., Dascal, N., and Lotan, I. (1994) Biochemistry 33, 8786-8792). In this study, we show, by two-electrode voltage clamp analysis, that whereas treatments for a short time with various cAMP analogs do not affect the channel function, prolonged treatment with 8-bromoadenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphorothioate ((Sp)-8-Br-cAMPS), a membrane-permeant cAMP analog, enhances the current amplitude. It also enhances the current amplitude through a mutant channel that cannot be phosphorylated by protein kinase A activation. The enhancement is inhibited in the presence of (Rp)-8-Br-cAMPS, a membrane-permeant protein kinase A inhibitor. Concomitant SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis reveals that this treatment not only brings about phosphorylation of the wild-type channel, but also increases the amounts of both wild-type and mutant channel proteins; the latter effect can be inhibited by cycloheximide, a protein synthesis inhibitor. In the presence of cycloheximide, the (Sp)-8-Br-cAMPS treatment enhances only the wild-type current amplitudes and induces accumulation of wild-type channels in the plasma membrane of the oocyte. In summary, prolonged treatment with (Sp)-8-Br-cAMPS regulates RCK1 function via two pathways, a pathway leading to enhanced channel synthesis and a pathway involving channel phosphorylation that directs channels to the plasma membrane.
    문서 타입:
    Reference
    카탈로그 번호:
    14-111

  • Robust tonic GABA currents can inhibit cell firing in mouse newborn neocortical pyramidal cells. 20846324

    Within the hippocampus and neocortex, GABA is considered to be excitatory in early development due to a relatively depolarized Cl(-) reversal potential (E(Cl)). Although the depolarizing nature of synaptic GABAergic events has been well established, it is unknown whether cortical tonic currents mediated by extrasynaptically located GABA(A) receptors (GABA(A) Rs) are also excitatory. Here we examined the development of tonic currents in the neocortex and their effect on neuronal excitability. Mean tonic current, recorded from layer 5 (L5) pyramidal cells of the mouse somatosensory cortex, is robust in newborns [postnatal day (P)2-4] then decreases dramatically by the second postnatal week (P7-10 and P30-40). Pharmacological studies, in combination with Western blot analysis, show that neonatal tonic currents are partially mediated by the GABA(A) R α5 subunit, and probably the δ subunit. In newborns, the charge due to tonic current accounts for nearly 100% of the total GABA charge, a contribution that decreases to < 50% in mature tissue. Current clamp recordings show that tonic current contributes to large fluctuations in the membrane potential that may disrupt its stability. Bath application of 5 μM GABA, to induce tonic currents, markedly decreased cell firing frequency in most recorded cells while increasing it in others. Gramicidin perforated patch recordings show heterogeneity in E(Cl) recorded from P2-5 L5 pyramidal cells. Together, these findings demonstrate that tonic currents activated by low GABA concentrations can dominate GABAergic transmission in newborn neocortical pyramidal cells and that tonic currents can exert heterogeneous effects on neuronal excitability.
    문서 타입:
    Reference
    카탈로그 번호:
    AB9752

  • Lack of run-down of smooth muscle P2X receptor currents recorded with the amphotericin permeabilized patch technique, physiological and pharmacological characterization o ... 11139444

    Immunoreactivity for P2X(1), P2X(4) and P2X(5) receptor subtypes was detected in the smooth muscle cell layer of second and third order rat mesenteric arteries immunoreactivity, for P2X(2), P2X(3), P2X(6) and P2X(7) receptors was below the level of detection in the smooth muscle layer. P2X receptor-mediated currents were recorded in patch clamp studies on acutely dissociated mesenteric artery smooth muscle cells. Purinergic agonists evoked transient inward currents that decayed rapidly in the continued presence of agonist (tau approximately 200 ms). Standard whole cell responses to repeated applications of agonist at 5 min intervals ran down. Run-down was unaffected by changes in extracellular calcium concentration, intracellular calcium buffering or the inclusion of ATP and GTP in the pipette solution. Run-down was overcome and reproducible responses to purinergic agonists were recorded using the amphotericin permeabilized patch recording configuration. The rank order of potency at the P2X receptor was ATP=2 methylthio ATP>alpha, beta-methylene ATP>CTP=l-beta,gamma-methylene ATP. Only ATP and 2meSATP were full agonists. The P2 receptor antagonists suramin and PPADS inhibited P2X receptor-mediated currents with IC(50)s of 4 microM and 70 nM respectively. These results provide further characterization of artery P2X receptors and demonstrate that the properties are dominated by a P2X(1)-like receptor phenotype. No evidence could be found for a phenotype corresponding to homomeric P2X(4) or P2X(5) receptors or to heteromeric P2X(1/5) receptors and the functional role of these receptors in arteries remains unclear.
    문서 타입:
    Reference
    카탈로그 번호:
    AB5246-200UL