Antagonistic and synergistic effects of light irradiation on the effects of copper on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Antagonistic and synergistic effects of light irradiation on the effects of copper on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) (2014-07-30)

Giulia Cheloni, Claudia Cosio, Vera I Slaveykova

ABSTRACT

The present study showed the important role of light intensity and spectral composition on Cu uptake and effects on green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. High-intenisty light (HL) increased cellular Cu concentrations, but mitigated the Cu-induced decrease in chlorophyll fluorescence, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation at high Cu concentrations, indicating that Cu and HL interact in an antagonistic manner. HL up-regulated the transcription of genes involved in the antioxidant response in C. reinhardtii and thus reduced the oxidative stress upon exposure to Cu and HL. Combined exposure to Cu and UVBR resulted in an increase of cellular Cu contents and caused severe oxidative damage to the cells. The observed effects were higher than the sum of the effects corresponding to exposure to UVBR or Cu alone suggesting a synergistic interaction.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

12816

Sigma-Aldrich

Copper, foil, ≥99.8% (complexometric)

349216

Sigma-Aldrich

Copper, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, ≥99.9%

326410

Sigma-Aldrich

Copper, wire, diam. 0.64 mm, 99.995% trace metals basis

BCR058

Continuous cast copper (O), BCR^®, certified reference material, rod

GF87575978

Copper - O.F.H.C., rod, 500mm, diameter 50.0mm, as drawn, 99.95+%

GF50461927

Copper - O.F.H.C., tube, 500mm, outside diameter 0.635mm, inside diameter 0.275mm, wall thickness 0.18mm, 99.95+%

GF49416835

Copper - O.F.H.C., tube, 100mm, outside diameter 3.92mm, inside diameter 3.72mm, wall thickness 0.1mm, 99.95+%

GF32292952

Copper - O.F.H.C., rod, 100mm, diameter 25.4mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

GF58595675

Copper - O.F.H.C., tube, 200mm, outside diameter 1.23mm, inside diameter 0.51mm, wall thickness 0.36mm, 99.95+%

GF23650208

Copper - O.F.H.C., sheet, 150x150mm, thickness 4.76mm, 99.95+%

GF61334636

Copper - O.F.H.C., rod, 200mm, diameter 12.7mm, as drawn, 99.95+%

GF62031192

Copper - O.F.H.C., rod, 200mm, diameter 25.4mm, as drawn, 99.95+%

GF87313361

Copper - O.F.H.C., tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 3.2mm, inside diameter 2.4mm, wall thickness 0.4mm, 99.95+%

GF53474980

Copper, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 12.7mm, inside diameter 10.26mm, wall thickness 1.22mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF23864463

Copper, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 0.75mm, inside diameter 0.23mm, wall thickness 0.26mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF16694006

Copper, rod, 50mm, diameter 6.35mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF60058346

Copper, sphere, 1000pcs, diameter 3.0mm, precision sphere grade 200

GF56401523

Copper, rod, 500mm, diameter 4.8mm, hard, 99.9%

GF93436926

Copper, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 0.95mm, inside diameter 0.29mm, wall thickness 0.33mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF00529040

Copper, sphere, 100pcs, diameter 3.0mm, precision sphere grade 200

GF46851217

Copper, rod, 200mm, diameter 4.8mm, hard, 99.9%

GF40548180

Copper, sphere, 200pcs, diameter 3.0mm, precision sphere grade 200

GF27429891

Copper, rod, 100mm, diameter 6.35mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF89142701

Copper, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 5.0mm, inside diameter 4mm, wall thickness 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF87182657

Copper, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 6.0mm, inside diameter 4mm, wall thickness 1.0mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF94832208

Copper, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 1.0mm, inside diameter 0.24mm, wall thickness 0.38mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF69447280

Copper, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 0.75mm, inside diameter 0.23mm, wall thickness 0.26mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF37804901

Copper, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 1.2mm, inside diameter 0.56mm, wall thickness 0.32mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF46821382

Copper, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 1.75mm, inside diameter 0.33mm, wall thickness 0.71mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF20661083

Copper, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 12.7mm, inside diameter 10.26mm, wall thickness 1.22mm, as drawn, 99.9%