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  • Ultrastructure of human embryonic stem cells and spontaneous and retinoic acid-induced differentiating cells. 15693634

    Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies of 4 groups of cells-(human embryonic stem cells (hES), embryoid bodies (EB), and spontaneously and retinoic acid (RA)-induced differentiating cells)-were carried out to investigate their detailed phenotype. Immunohistochemically, the EB cells showed strong immunoreactivity for CD34, CD117, and nestin. Differentiating cells expressed pancytokertin, vimentin, CD31, CD56, GFAP, nestin, and NeuN as well as CD34, and c-Kit. However, synaptophysin and neurofilaments were not present in these same differentiating cells. Transmission electron microscopy showed that hES and EB cells were very similar to germ cells or cells of the inner cell mass. Spontaneously and RA-induced differentiating cells exhibited epithelial, mesenchymal, endodermal, and neuronal phenotypes. The perikarya of the neuronal cells had rich RERs (Nissl substance) and long cytoplasmic processes filled with numerous neural tubules. However, neither synaptic junctions nor synaptic vesicles were developed. In our study, RA treatment with brain-derived growth factor and TGFalpha in neuron differentiation medium induced not only neuronal differentiation but also pluripotential differentiation. Full neuronal differentiation did not occur after 2 weeks in culture, as no synaptic junctions and synaptic vesicles developed.
    Document Type:
    Reference
    Product Catalog Number:
    MAB377X
    Product Catalog Name:
    Anti-NeuN Antibody, clone A60, Alexa Fluor®488 conjugated

  • Tissue engineering a complete vaginal replacement from a small biopsy of autologous tissue. 18645481

    In women, a healthy, patent vagina is important for the maintenance of a good quality of life. Apart from congenital abnormalities, such as cloacal exstrophy, intersex disorders, and an absence of the posterior two thirds of the organ, individuals may also suffer from cancer, trauma, infection, inflammation, or iatrogenic injuries leading to tissue damage and loss -- all of which require vaginal repair or replacement. Of necessity, reconstruction is often performed with nonvaginal tissue substitutes, such as segments of large intestine or skin, which are not anatomically or functionally ideal (Hendren and Atala, J Urol 1994; 152: 752; Hendren and Atala, J Pediatr Surg 1995; 30: 91). Whenever such tissue is used additional complications often ensue, such as strictures, infection, hair growth, graft shrinkage, diverticuli, and even malignancy (Filipas et al., BJU Int 2000; 85: 715; Lai and Chang, Changgeng Yi Xue Za Zhi 1999; 22: 253; Parsons et al., J Pediatr Surg 2002; 37: 629; Seccia et al., Ann Plast Surg 2002; 49: 379; Filipas, Curr Opin Urol 2001; 11: 267).
    Document Type:
    Reference
    Product Catalog Number:
    CBL212
    Product Catalog Name:
    Anti-Neurofilament 200 kDa Antibody, clone RT97