Involvement of phosphatidylcholine-phospholipase C and protein kinase C in peptidoglycan-induced nuclear factor-kappaB activation and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages.

In this study, we examined the role of phosphatidylcholine-phospholipase C (PC-PLC) and protein kinase C (PKC) in peptidoglycan (PGN)-induced nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages. PGN-induced COX-2 expression was attenuated by a PC-PLC inhibitor (D609) and by PKC inhibitors (Go 6976 and Ro 31-8220), but not by a phosphatidylinositol-PLC (PI-PLC) inhibitor (U-73122). PGN caused an increase in PKC activity, and this effect was inhibited by D609, Go 6976, and Ro 31-8220, but not by U-73122. Furthermore, the PGN-mediated increases in kappaB-luciferase activity were also inhibited by D609 and Ro 31-8220. Our data demonstrate that PGN activates PC-PLC which induces PKC activation; this in turn initiates NF-kappaB activation, and ultimately induces COX-2 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages.