High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of nicotinamide and its metabolites in human and murine plasma and urine.

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method is described which enables the determination of nicotinamide and eight of its possible metabolites in human and murine plasma and urine, using ion-pairing on a base-deactivated reversed-phase column. Calibration curves were linear up to 2 mumol/ml for nicotinamide and 200 nmol/ml for the metabolites; both the intra- and inter-assay relative standard deviations ranged between 1 and 8%. In murine plasma, the N-oxide was the major nicotinamide metabolite, but in man, formation of 1-methylnicotinamide and the 2- and 4-pyridones was also significant. In urine, nicotinuric acid was seen in the mouse, but no nicotinic acid metabolites were seen in man.