Antagonistic and synergistic effects of light irradiation on the effects of copper on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Antagonistic and synergistic effects of light irradiation on the effects of copper on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) (2014-07-30)

Giulia Cheloni, Claudia Cosio, Vera I Slaveykova

ABSTRACT

The present study showed the important role of light intensity and spectral composition on Cu uptake and effects on green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. High-intenisty light (HL) increased cellular Cu concentrations, but mitigated the Cu-induced decrease in chlorophyll fluorescence, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation at high Cu concentrations, indicating that Cu and HL interact in an antagonistic manner. HL up-regulated the transcription of genes involved in the antioxidant response in C. reinhardtii and thus reduced the oxidative stress upon exposure to Cu and HL. Combined exposure to Cu and UVBR resulted in an increase of cellular Cu contents and caused severe oxidative damage to the cells. The observed effects were higher than the sum of the effects corresponding to exposure to UVBR or Cu alone suggesting a synergistic interaction.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

BCR058

Continuous cast copper (O), BCR^®, certified reference material, rod

254177

Sigma-Aldrich

Copper, beads, 2-8 mm, 99.9995% trace metals basis

GF41636921

Copper, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 2.0mm, inside diameter 1.6mm, wall thickness 0.2mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF05237209

Copper, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 0.25mm, inside diameter 0.05mm, wall thickness 0.1mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF23267976

Copper, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 10.4mm, inside diameter 10mm, wall thickness 0.2mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF84372521

Copper, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 12.7mm, inside diameter 10.26mm, wall thickness 1.22mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF04615860

Copper, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 2.0mm, inside diameter 1.6mm, wall thickness 0.2mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF37244729

Copper, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 3.5mm, inside diameter 1.56mm, wall thickness 0.97mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF13790910

Copper, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 0.75mm, inside diameter 0.23mm, wall thickness 0.26mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF52221271

Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.25mm, annealed, 99.95+%

GF81712098

Copper, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 3.0mm, inside diameter 1.2mm, wall thickness 0.9mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF17037031

Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.075mm, half hard, 99.95+%

GF84156262

Copper, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 1.75mm, inside diameter 0.33mm, wall thickness 0.71mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF58516285

Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 20m coil, thickness 0.05mm, coil width 10mm, annealed, 99.95+%

GF87158650

Copper, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 1.0mm, inside diameter 0.24mm, wall thickness 0.38mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF12919518

Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 1m coil, thickness 0.1mm, hard, 99.95+%

GF88138952

Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.5mm, half hard, 99.95+%

GF69207240

Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 10m coil, thickness 0.075mm, half hard, 99.95+%

GF74488900

Copper, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 5.0mm, inside diameter 4mm, wall thickness 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF82329172

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GF19506955

Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 10mm disks, thickness 1.0mm, half hard, 99.95+%

GF54770373

Copper, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 6.0mm, inside diameter 4mm, wall thickness 1.0mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF24248864

Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 2m coil, thickness 0.20mm, hard, 99.95+%

GF50874341

Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 1m coil, thickness 0.006mm, hard, 99.95+%

GF42937768

Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 1m coil, thickness 0.25mm, half hard, 99.95+%

GF98944600

Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 25mm disks, thickness 0.025mm, hard, 99.95+%

GF78946611

Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 50m coil, thickness 0.05mm, coil width 10mm, annealed, 99.95+%

GF94804779

Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 50mm disks, thickness 0.25mm, half hard, 99.95+%

GF80997889

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GF22218847

Copper, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 0.65mm, inside diameter 0.21mm, wall thickness 0.22mm, as drawn, 99.9%