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BPHMTOP1 WideScreen® BeadPlex® Human Mitochondrial Toxicity Oxidative Phosphorylation Panel

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BPHMTOP1
  
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      Overview

      Replacement Information
      Description
      Overview

      This product has been discontinued.

      We are currently offering a comparable kit, as a fixed panel, with the same analytes, available in the MILLIPLEX MAP magnetic bead format (Cat. No. H0XPSMAG-16K). Please read the alternative product documentation carefully and contact technical service if you need additional information.

      ***Please Note: Although we are now EMD Millipore, our ordering systems are still separate. Please complete your order before linking to this alternative, as you will navigate away from this page and may lose other items in your basket. You must place a separate order with Millipore for this alternative. We apologize for this inconvenience.***






      Luminex® xMAP® technologies is a multiplex bead-based assay platform that allows for sensitive, precise quantification of multiple analytes within a single sample. For the detection of proteins or peptides, the assay kits often utilize the familiar sandwich or competitive immunoassay formats (e.g. ELISA). Unlike ELISA though, the target analytes are captured on differentially fluorescently-dyed beads. This differential allows for the detection of multiple analytes from the same sample in the same well. The BeadPlex® assays are run by combining the sample(s) with the capture antibody-coated beads. The specific analytes from the sample are captured on the beads and are then subsequently identified with detection antibodies and a fluorescent label using an appropriate instrument. A major advantage over traditional protein quantification methods (such as ELISA) is the capacity for multiplexing, as bead-based assays allow simultaneous quantification of multiple analytes in a small sample volume.

      Panel Overview

      Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation (OXPHOS) produces more than 95% of the conserved cellular energy in the form of ATP under normal conditions. This process involves five different protein complexes, NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Complex I), succinate ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Complex II), ubiquinone cytochrome c oxidoreductase (Complex III), cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV) and the ATP synthase (Complex V). The panel also includes nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT). NNT is an integral protein of the inner mitochondrial membrane whose structure and function are closely related to OXPHOS. Under most physiological conditions, the enzyme uses energy from the mitochondrial proton gradient to produce high concentrations of NADPH. The resulting NADPH is used for biosynthesis and in free radical detoxification. Since NNT is encoded solely by nucleus, it serves as a good internal reference for mitochondrial proteins.

      The overall process of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is tightly controlled by transcriptional regulation at the level of DNA and RNA, by substrate feedback inhibition and by post-translational modifications including phosphorylation and acetylation. Inefficient electron transfer through complexes I-IV leads to various human abnormalities, which is due in part to a loss of energy metabolism and a deregulation of critical enzymes, such as complexes I, II and III. Without proper regulation, the production of toxic reactive oxygen species is known to increase. Some diseases associated with impaired OXPHOS include diabetes, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's, cancer and the aging process itself. Many diverse classes of drugs inhibit mitochondrial OXPHOS. Not surprisingly, the ability to monitor the levels of the five OXPHOS complexes is a key process in drug development and drug toxicity studies.

      The BeadPlex Human Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation (OXPHOS) Panel 6-Plex is designed for the in vitro quantitative determination of Complex I, II, III, IV, V, and NNT in cell lysates and tissue homogenates. Other types of samples, such as whole blood, serum, and plasma, may work with the kit, but has not been validated. This assay is validated for human samples. Assays for Complex II, III, and V react with mouse and rat samples, while assays for Complex I, IV and NNT do not cross react with mouse and rat. Samples from other species have not been tested. This kit has not been tested for multiplexing with other markers. Should user elect to multiplex this kit with other Luminex kits, the assay conditions should be determined empirically for each specific application.

      This novel multi-analyte profiling kit provides a deeper view of the following antigens and proteins in normal and disease processes:

      • Complex I (NADH-Ubiquinone Oxidoreductase)
      • Complex II (Succinate Ubiquinone Oxidoreductase)
      • Complex III (Ubiquinone Cytochrome C Oxidoreductase)
      • Complex IV (Cytochrome C Oxidase)
      • Complex V (ATP Synthase)
      • NNT (Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transhydrogenase)



      Panel Components

      Storage: All components of the BeadPlex Human Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Panel 1 are shipped at 2 to 8°C. Upon receipt, store all kit components at 2 to 8°C. Do Not Freeze.

      The BeadPlex Human Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Panel 1 is available in two kit configurations:

      • Complete Kit
      • Mix and Match Format

      For utmost convenience, end-users may order the BeadPlex Human Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Panel 1 - Complete Kit (Cat. No. BPHMT0P1-6). This kit contains a pre-mix of all respective capture beads and enough components to assay one 96-well plate.

      For maximum flexibility, end-users may configure their own customized multiplex assay of any or all specified analytes through the Mix and Match Format. This format consists of a BeadPlex Human Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Panel 1 -Base Kit (Cat. No. BPHMT0P1-BASE) and a customized choice of any or all analyte-specific capture beads as listed in Technical Bulletin (TB540). The Base Kit and selected components contain enough reagents and buffers to assay one 96-well plate. Desired capture beads will need to be pre-mixed prior to running the assay. The kit contains enough components to assay one 96-well plate.
      Catalogue NumberBPHMTOP1
      Brand Family Novagen®
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      Ship Code Blue Ice Only
      Storage +2°C to +8°C
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      Catalogue Number GTIN
      BPHMTOP1 0