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Merck

K1003

Ketoconazole

99.0-101.0% (EP, titration)

Synonym(s):

(±)-cis-1-Acetyl-4-(4-[(2-[2,4-dichlorophenyl]-2-[1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl]-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)-methoxy]phenyl)piperazine

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C26H28Cl2N4O4
CAS Number:
65277-42-1
Molecular Weight:
531.43
NACRES:
NA.85
PubChem Substance ID:
24278176
UNSPSC Code:
51101500
EC Number:
265-667-4
MDL number:
MFCD00058579

Product Name

Ketoconazole, 99.0-101.0% (EP, titration)

InChI key

XMAYWYJOQHXEEK-OZXSUGGESA-N

InChI

1S/C26H28Cl2N4O4/c1-19(33)31-10-12-32(13-11-31)21-3-5-22(6-4-21)34-15-23-16-35-26(36-23,17-30-9-8-29-18-30)24-7-2-20(27)14-25(24)28/h2-9,14,18,23H,10-13,15-17H2,1H3/t23-,26-/m0/s1

SMILES string

CC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)c2ccc(OC[C@H]3CO[C@@](Cn4ccnc4)(O3)c5ccc(Cl)cc5Cl)cc2

description

Specific Optical Rotation (EP): (−0.10) ∼ +0.10 °

assay

99.0-101.0% (EP, titration)

form

powder

color

white to off-white

antibiotic activity spectrum

Gram-positive bacteria
fungi
yeast

mode of action

enzyme | inhibits

storage temp.

2-8°C

Quality Level

200

Gene Information

human ... ABCB1(5243), CYP11B1(1584), CYP11B2(1585), CYP17A1(1586), CYP19A1(1588), CYP1A2(1544), CYP24A1(1591), CYP26A1(1592), CYP3A4(1576), CYP51A1(1595), KCNH1(3756)
mouse ... Abcb1a(18671), Abcb1b(18669)
rat ... Alox5(25290), Cyp17a1(25146), Cyp51(25427), Cyp7a1(25428)

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Application

CYP3A4 inhibitor
Ketoconazole is a broad spectrum antifungal agent used to treat candidiasis, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, oral thrush, candiduria, blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, chromomycosis, and paracoccidioidomycosis. It is used to identify p-glycoprotein/CYP3A-limited bioavailability in the monkey model, to study interleukin 1 mediated antitumor effects, and drug interactions in vivo

Biochem/physiol Actions

Antifungal agent
Ketoconazole interacts with 14-α demethylase, a cytochrome P-450 enzyme that is necessary for the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol. This interaction inhibits ergosterol synthesis and results in increased fungal cellular permeability. Other possible mechanisms of action are the inhibition of endogenous respiration, interaction with membrane phospholipids, inhibition of yeast transformation to mycelial forms, inhibition of purine uptake, and impairment of triglyceride and/or phospholipid biosynthesis. Ketoconazole inhibits the synthesis of thromboxane and sterols such as aldosterone, cortisol, and testosterone .

General description

Chemical structure: imidazole

signalword

Danger

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 3 Oral - Aquatic Acute 1 - Aquatic Chronic 1 - Repr. 1B - STOT RE 2

Storage Class

6.1C - Combustible acute toxic Cat.3 / toxic compounds or compounds which causing chronic effects

wgk

WGK 3

flash_point_f

Not applicable

flash_point_c

Not applicable

ppe

Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves, type P2 (EN 143) respirator cartridges

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Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Lot/Batch Number
0000506796
0000506796
0000478500
0000478500
0000403452

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Flor Soriano-Agatón et al.
Journal of natural products, 68(11), 1581-1587 (2005-11-29)
Zanthoxylum chiloperone var. angustifolium was investigated. Alkaloids 1-3 from the canthin-6-one series were characterized. Derivatives 7-28 were prepared by hemisynthesis or total synthesis. All compounds were tested for in vitro antifungal activities against five pathogenic fungal strains. Analogues of canthin-6-one
Keith W Ward et al.
Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, 32(2), 172-177 (2004-01-28)
The effect of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and/or CYP3A on the disposition of xenobiotics has been extensively investigated and is often of interest during drug discovery lead optimization. We have previously described a monkey pharmacokinetic screen to rapidly estimate absorption and first-pass
P G Braunschweiger et al.
Cancer research, 50(15), 4709-4717 (1990-08-01)
In the present studies, the regulatory role of adrenal hormones on the antitumor activity of recombinant human interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) was investigated. Ketoconazole, a potent but transient inhibitor of adrenal steroid hormone biosynthesis, inhibited IL-1 alpha induced increases
L L von Moltke et al.
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 268(3), 1278-1283 (1994-03-01)
Biotransformation of the tricyclic antidepressant desipramine (DMI) to its metabolite 2-hydroxy-desipramine (2-OH-DMI) was studied in vitro using microsomal preparations from human, monkey, mouse and rat liver. In all species 2-OH-DMI was the principal identified metabolite. Mean (+/- S.E.) reaction parameters
Francisco M Garibotto et al.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 18(1), 158-167 (2009-12-05)
The synthesis, in vitro evaluation, and conformational study of a new series of small-size peptides acting as antifungal agents are reported. In a first step of our study we performed a conformational analysis using Molecular Mechanics calculations. The electronic study
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