M1000
L-(−)-Malic acid
≥95% (titration)
Synonym(s):
(S)-(−)-2-Hydroxysuccinic acid, L-Hydroxybutanedioic acid
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About This Item
Linear Formula:
HO2CCH2CH(OH)CO2H
CAS Number:
Molecular Weight:
134.09
UNSPSC Code:
12352106
PubChem Substance ID:
NACRES:
NA.22
EC Number:
202-601-5
MDL number:
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:
1723541
Assay:
≥95% (titration)
Form:
powder
assay
≥95% (titration)
form
powder
pKa (25 °C)
(1) 3.46, (2) 5.10
mp
101-103 °C ((lit.)), 101-103 °C (lit.)
solubility
water: 100 mg/mL, clear to very slightly hazy, colorless
density
1,595 g/cm3 at 68 °F
SMILES string
O[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(O)=O
InChI
1S/C4H6O5/c5-2(4(8)9)1-3(6)7/h2,5H,1H2,(H,6,7)(H,8,9)/t2-/m0/s1
InChI key
BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N
General description
L-Malic acid is the naturally occurring isomer of malic acid, found mainly in sour and unripe fruits.
Application
L-(-)-Malic acid may be used to prepare:
- diethyl (S)-malate
- ethyl (R)-2-hydroxyl-4-phenylbutanoate
- ethyl (S)-2-hydroxyl-4-phenylbutanoate
- D-homophenylalanine ethyl ester hydrochloride
- furo[3,2-i]indolizines
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signalword
Warning
hcodes
Hazard Classifications
Eye Irrit. 2 - Skin Irrit. 2
Storage Class
11 - Combustible Solids
flash_point_f
Not applicable
flash_point_c
Not applicable
ppe
dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves
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A stereospecific synthesis of (-)-Bestatin from L-malic acid.
Norman BH and Morris ML.
Tetrahedron Letters, 33(45), 6803-6806 (1992)
Asymmetric synthesis of furo [3, 2-i] indolizines from L-malic acid.
Lee YS, et al.
Tetrahedron, 55(15), 4631-4636 (1999)
Lei Shi et al.
Science (New York, N.Y.), 368(6497) (2020-05-23)
Although perovskite solar cells have produced remarkable energy conversion efficiencies, they cannot become commercially viable without improvements in durability. We used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to reveal signature volatile products of the decomposition of organic hybrid perovskites under thermal stress.