8.07471
Polyphosphoric acid
for synthesis
Synonym(s):
Polyphosphoric acid, PPA
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About This Item
grade
synthesis grade
Quality Level
vapor pressure
2 hPa ( 20 °C)
assay
83-87% P2O5 basis (acidimetric)
form
viscous liquid
greener alternative product characteristics
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bp
530 °C/1013 hPa
mp
-20 °C
density
2.06 g/cm3 at 20 °C
greener alternative category
storage temp.
2-30°C
SMILES string
[P](=O)(O)(O)O.[p]21[o][p]([o][o]2)[o][o]1
InChI
1S/O5P2.H3O4P/c1-2-7-4-3-6(1)5-7;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H3,1,2,3,4)
InChI key
FVYIVXLIMHNYTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
General description
Application
- In acylation and alkylation reactions.
- To synthesize cyclic aromatic compounds via cyclization of aromatic acids, esters, ketones, aldehydes, acetals, alcohols, and alkenes.
- In Bischler−Napieralski reaction to construct isoquinoline ring system from phenethylformamides.
- To prepare substituted indoles at position-2 from hydrazones via Fisher indole synthesis.
- For the conversion of oximes into amides via Beckmann rearrangement.
PPA can also be used as a catalyst to synthesize:
- Aniline derivatives by Lossen rearrangement of aromatic carboxylic acids with nitromethane.
- Amides by hydrolysis nitriles.
- Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from urea and methanol.
- Benzofurans by cyclization of α-phenoxy ketones.
PPA is also used with other reagents for various organic transformations. For example:
- PPA/Ethanethiol mixture can be used to selectively open one epoxide in bis-epoxy steroid.
- PPA/POCl3 catalytic mixture used to convert tertiary alcohols into corresponding chlorides.
- PPA/acetic acid is used to synthesize nonenolizable β-diketones.
- PPA/potassium iodide mixture used to convert primary methyl ether to a primary alkyl iodide.
- PPA/nitric acid catalytic combination used for nitration reactions which is less hazardous than Ac2O/HNO3 mixtures.
Features and Benefits
Analysis Note
Due to its specific melting range the product may be solid, liquid, a solidified melt or a supercooled melt.
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signalword
Danger
hcodes
Hazard Classifications
Eye Dam. 1 - Met. Corr. 1 - Skin Corr. 1B
wgk
WGK 1
flash_point_f
does not flash
flash_point_c
does not flash
Storage Class
8B - Non-combustible corrosive hazardous materials
Certificates of Analysis (COA)
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