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Merck

401757

Tetrahydrofuran

≥99.9%, anhydrous, inhibitor-free

Synonym(s):

THF, Butylene oxide, Oxolane, Tetramethylene oxide

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C4H8O
CAS Number:
109-99-9
Molecular Weight:
72.11
NACRES:
NA.21
PubChem Substance ID:
57649919
UNSPSC Code:
12191501
EC Number:
203-726-8
MDL number:
MFCD00005356
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:
102391
Assay:
≥99.9%
Grade:
anhydrous
Bp:
65-67 °C (lit.)
Vapor pressure:
114 mmHg ( 15 °C)
143 mmHg ( 20 °C)

Key Documents

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Product Name

Tetrahydrofuran, anhydrous, ≥99.9%, inhibitor-free

InChI key

WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI

1S/C4H8O/c1-2-4-5-3-1/h1-4H2

SMILES string

C1CCOC1

grade

anhydrous

vapor density

2.5 (vs air)

vapor pressure

114 mmHg ( 15 °C)
143 mmHg ( 20 °C)

assay

≥99.9%

form

liquid

autoignition temp.

610 °F

expl. lim.

1.8-11.8 %

impurities

≤20 ppm peroxide (as H2O2)
<0.002% water
<0.005% water (100 mL pkg)

evapn. residue

<0.0005%

refractive index

n20/D 1.407 (lit.)

pH

~7

bp

65-67 °C (lit.)

mp

−108 °C (lit.)

solubility

H2O: soluble

density

0.889 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

Quality Level

200

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Application

Tetrahydrofuran was used as a solvent in the formation of diacetylinic polymers.
It may be used in the following processes:
  • Formation of butyrolactone (BTL) by green oxidation method.
  • Aqueous THF solution to modify the polystyrene surface by swelling process.
  • As a solvent for lignin depolymerization to isolate phenolic monomer.

General description

Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is a saturated cyclic ether with a potential use as a biofuel. Its combustion studies have been investigated. Reports suggest that it is a better promoter than 1,3 dioxolane for CO2-hydrate formation.

Other Notes

"Greener alternatives are available for many THF applications, 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran (673277) and Cyclopentyl methyl ether (791962)

Read more about THF alternatives:

2-Methyltetrahydroun (2-MeTHF): A biomass-Derived solvent with Broad Applications in Organic Chemistry

The toxicological assessment of cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME) as a green solvent"
Pure-Pac® II containers require the Micromatic MacroValve coupler for dispensing solvents, Z560723.

Packaging

View returnable container options.

Legal Information

Pure-Pac is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

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Danger

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Carc. 2 - Eye Irrit. 2 - Flam. Liq. 2 - STOT SE 3

target_organs

Central nervous system, Respiratory system

supp_hazards

EUH019

Storage Class

3 - Flammable liquids

wgk

WGK 1

flash_point_f

-6.2 °F - closed cup

flash_point_c

-21.2 °C - closed cup

ppe

Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves, type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter

Regulatory Listings

Regulatory Listings are mainly provided for chemical products. Only limited information can be provided here for non-chemical products. No entry means none of the components are listed. It is the user’s obligation to ensure the safe and legal use of the product.

Class I Designated Chemical Substances

prtr

Group 4: Flammable liquids + Type 1 petroleums + Hazardous rank II + Water soluble liquid

fsl

Substances Subject to be Indicated Names

ishl_indicated

Substances Subject to be Notified Names

ishl_notified

401757-200L:4548173144917 + 401757-BULK: + 401757-6X1L-SP: + 401757-200L-P2: + 401757-4X2ML-KC: + 401757-4X2L:4548173144931 + 401757-18L-P1: + 401757-20L: + 401757-1L:4548173144900 + 401757-50L:4548173264301 + 401757-56L-P1-LS: + 401757-18L:4548173144894 + 401757-PZ: + 401757-6X1L:4548173144948 + 401757-100ML:4548173144870 + 401757-2L:4548173144924 + 401757-90L-KL: + 401757-50L-P2-LS: + 401757-8L: + 401757-20L-P2: + 401757-250ML: + 401757-VAR: + 401757-12X100ML:4548173144887

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Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Lot/Batch Number
SHBT2930
SHBS9892
SHBS8733
SHBS7303
SHBS5733

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Structuring of polystyrene surface via swelling-freezing drying in a binary solvent solution.
Liang S, et al.
Journal of Porous Materials, 22, 859-865 (2015)
Oxidation of tetrahydrofuran to butyrolactone catalyzed by iron-containing clay.
Ausavasukhi A and Sooknoi T.
Green Chemistry, 17(1), 435-441 (2015)
Novel Diacetylinic Aryloxysilane Polymers: A New Thermally Cross-Linkable High Temperature Polymer System.
Drake K, et al.
Macromolecules, 46(11), 4370-4377 (2013)
1,3 Dioxolane versus tetrahydrofuran as promoters for CO2-hydrate formation: Thermodynamics properties, and kinetics in presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate.
Torre JP, et al.
Chemical Engineering Science, 126, 688-697 (2015)
An efficient and economical process for lignin depolymerization in biomass-derived solvent tetrahydrofuran.
Long J, et al.
Bioresource Technology, 154, 10-17 (2014)
View All Related Papers

Articles

Solvent Miscibility Table

Substances are said to be miscible in one another if they dissolve to form a uniform solution. Bookmark or download our miscibility table for common lab solvents.

Syntheses of Functionalized Alkenes, Arenes, and Cycloalkenes via a Hydroboration-Coupling Sequence

Tandem hydroboration Suzuki Coupling both intermolecular and intramolecular gave diverse alkyl substituted products dppf

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