D048
MPP+ iodide
≥98% (HPLC), ERα antagonist, powder
Synonym(s):
1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide
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About This Item
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C12H12IN
CAS Number:
Molecular Weight:
297.13
UNSPSC Code:
12352200
PubChem Substance ID:
NACRES:
NA.77
MDL number:
Product Name
MPP+ iodide, ≥98% (HPLC), powder
Quality Level
assay
≥98% (HPLC)
form
powder
storage condition
desiccated
color
white to beige
solubility
H2O: 10 mg/mL, clear
SMILES string
[I-].C[n+]1ccc(cc1)-c2ccccc2
InChI
1S/C12H12N.HI/c1-13-9-7-12(8-10-13)11-5-3-2-4-6-11;/h2-10H,1H3;1H/q+1;/p-1
InChI key
RFDFRDXIIKROAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M
General description
1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) acts as a selective ERα antagonist.induces neurotoxicity by inhibiting mitochondrial redox functions in the striatal synaptosomes. It is a potential neurotoxin and induces Parkinson′s disease in animal models. It mediates apoptosis by the generation of reactive oxygen species in cerebellar granule neurons and neuroblastoma cells. MPP+ modulates the distribution of dopamine. It elicits neurotoxicity by activating neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), resulting in excess nitric oxide.
Application
MPP+ iodide has been used:
- to induce oxidative stress in zebrafish embryos
- for the inhibition of glutamate uptake in mitochondria of astrocytes
- in testing cell viability using MTT (3 (4,5-dimethylthiazol)-2-yl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) in microglia (BV2) cells
Biochem/physiol Actions
Active metabolite of dopaminergic neurotoxin MPTP
MPP+ iodide is an active metabolite of dopaminergic neurotoxin MPTP.
Preparation Note
Solutions should be freshly prepared.
Disclaimer
Photosensitive.
signalword
Danger
Hazard Classifications
Acute Tox. 3 Dermal - Acute Tox. 3 Inhalation - Acute Tox. 3 Oral - Eye Irrit. 2 - Skin Irrit. 2 - STOT SE 3
target_organs
Respiratory system
Storage Class
6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2 / very toxic hazardous materials
wgk
WGK 3
flash_point_f
Not applicable
flash_point_c
Not applicable
ppe
Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves, type P2 (EN 143) respirator cartridges
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1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial oxidant generation: role of transferrin-receptor-dependent iron and hydrogen peroxide
Kalivendi SV, et al.
The Biochemical Journal, 371(1), 151-164 (2003)
Bart de Nijs et al.
Nature communications, 8(1), 994-994 (2017-10-24)
Nanoparticles attached just above a flat metallic surface can trap optical fields in the nanoscale gap. This enables local spectroscopy of a few molecules within each coupled plasmonic hotspot, with near thousand-fold enhancement of the incident fields. As a result
1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) decreases mitochondrial oxidation-reduction (REDOX) activity and membrane potential (DeltaPsim) in rat striatum
Nakai M, et al.
Experimental Neurology, 179(1), 103-110 (2003)