Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody produced in rabbit

Anti-Glutamine Synthetase is produced in rabbit using a synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminus of mouse glutamine synthetase (GS) conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) as immunogen. This sequence is identical in human, bovine, rat, hamster and pig GS, and highly conserved in chicken GS. GS is found in mammals as an octamer of identical 45 kDa subunits. It is localized in glial cells of various species. It is present in the brain primarily in astrocytes and in the retina in Muller glial cells that support neurons using glutamate as a neurotransmitter. GS is found in several brain regions including hippocampus, cerebral cortex, neostriatum and cerebellar granular layer, corresponding to sites with high glutamate receptor density.

synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminal region of mouse glutamine synthetase (GS) (amino acids 357-373. This sequence is identical in human, bovine, rat, hamster, and pig GS and highly conserved chicken
Gs (single amino acid substitution).

Immunoblotting: a minimum working antibody dilution of 1:10,000 is determined using a rat brain cytosolic fraction extract.
Immunohistochemistry: a minimum working antibody dilution of 1:10,000 is determined using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of rat brain.

Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody has been used for the detection and localization of GS by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry.

Anti-Glutamine synthetase recognizes rat glutamine synthetase (GS) (45 kDa). Staining of GS in immunoblotting is specifically inhibited with the GS immunizing peptide (amino acids 357-373 with Nterminally added lysine).

Glutamine synthetase (GS) catalyzes the amidation of glutamate to form glutamine. In the brain, GS is considered as a key enzyme, participating in recycling of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate released from neurons and termination of the neurotransmitter signal, as well as in ammonia detoxification. GS activity is a useful marker for astrocytes and an important differentiation feature in the retina. Upregulation of GS is a hallmark of reactive astrocytosis and GS activity level increases following spinal cord injury. The GS expression in astrocytes is diminished in brains affected by Alzheimer′s disease, particularly in the vicinity of senile plaques. GS is upregulated in a subset of human hepatocellular carcinomas, suggesting that its expression may be related to tumor recurrence, since tumors expressing GS are independent of the extracellular glutamine supply.

Solution in 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4, containing 15 mM sodium azide

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