L2515
Lipoteichoic acid from Staphylococcus aureus
bacterial cell wall polymer
biological source
Staphylococcus aureus
form
lyophilized powder
functional group
phospholipid
lipid type
polymerizable lipids
shipped in
ambient
storage temp.
2-8°C
Quality Level
Related Categories
General description
Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is a linear polymer of phosphodiester-linked glycerol phosphate covalently bound to a lipid. The C2 position on the glycerol-phosphate is usually glycosylated or D-alanylated. LTA is amphipathic due to the presence of the negatively charged backbone of glycerol phosphate and the hydrophobic lipid. The lipid portion is bound hydrophobically to the cell membrane, whereas the polyglycerol phosphate portion extends into the cell wall.
Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is a teichoic acid attached to a lipid abundant on Gram-positive bacteria cell wall. LTA is a pathogen-associated molecular-patterns (PAMP) recognized by Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), This recognition leads to the activation of NF-kB.
Application
Lipoteichoic acid from Staphylococcus aureus has been used:
- to investigate the binding properties of SpHyastatin to lipopolysaccharides and lipoteichoic acid using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
- to measure the interleukin (IL-6) produced in splenocytes using a sandwich ELISA
- as a toll-like receptor 2/6 (TLR2/6) agonist to explore its potential to induce tumoricidal M1 macrophage phenotype
Biochem/physiol Actions
Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is a complex component of cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria that are involved in a wide range of cell processes such as the stimulation of immune responses and cell signaling pathways. LTA differs between species of gram-positive bacteria. Lipoteichoic acid from Streptococcus aureus may be used to compare its structure, immunogenicity and functions versus other bacterial LTAs.
Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is a complex component of the cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria that are implicated in a wide range of cellular processes such as the stimulation of immune responses and cell signaling pathways. LTA differs between species of Gram-positive bacteria. Lipoteichoic acid from Streptococcus aureus may be used to compare its structure, immunogenicity, and functions versus other bacterial LTAs.
Storage Class
11 - Combustible Solids
wgk
WGK 3
flash_point_f
Not applicable
flash_point_c
Not applicable
ppe
Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)
Regulatory Listings
Regulatory Listings are mainly provided for chemical products. Only limited information can be provided here for non-chemical products. No entry means none of the components are listed. It is the user’s obligation to ensure the safe and legal use of the product.
L2515-25MG: + L2515-5MG-PW: + L2515-VAR: + L2515-10MG: + L2515-25MG-PW: + L2515-5MG: + L2515-10MG-PW: + L2515-BULK:
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Simin Rezania et al.
Cancer cell international, 14, 54-54 (2014-06-27)
Many types of tumors are organized in a hierarchy of heterogeneous cell populations with different molecular signature. Such heterogeneity may be associated with different responsiveness to microenvironment stimuli. In the present study, the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid
S Morath et al.
The Journal of experimental medicine, 193(3), 393-397 (2001-02-07)
Lipoteichoic acids (LTAs) have been proposed as putative Gram-positive immunostimulatory counterparts to Gram-negative lipopolysaccharides. However, LTA from Staphylococcus aureus, the clinically most frequent Gram-positive pathogen, was inactive after purification. Here, a novel isolation procedure to prepare pure (>99%) biologically active
Nien-Tzu Chou et al.
Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2012, 735396-735396 (2013-01-11)
Chlorella sorokiniana (CS) is a unicellular green alga. The extracts of Chlorella have been used as treatments for relieving hypertension and modulating immune response. The detailed mechanisms are not clear yet. In this study, we sought to study the molecular
Etheresia Pretorius et al.
Cardiovascular diabetology, 16(1), 141-141 (2017-11-04)
We have previously shown that many chronic, inflammatory diseases are accompanied, and possibly partly caused or exacerbated, by various coagulopathies, manifested as anomalous clots in the form of 'dense matted deposits'. More recently, we have shown that these clots can
Varenka J Barbero-Becerra et al.
World journal of gastroenterology, 17(10), 1317-1325 (2011-04-02)
To study the role of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in the pathogenesis of liver injury, specifically the activation of inflammatory mediators. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 20 out-patients were studied, 10 of them with cirrhosis. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were
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