Hematoxylin solution according to Mayer

Mayer’s Hematoxylin Solution is a widely used nuclear counterstain in histological techniques, particularly after immunohistochemistry or cytochemistry staining. It is specifically formulated without alcohol, which helps preserve the integrity of stained cytoplasmic components that may otherwise be dissolved by alcohol exposure. This solution is intended for in vitro diagnostic use and is meant for professional application only. The qualitative data obtained through the use of Mayer’s Hematoxylin is instrumental in determining chromatin in the nuclei of human specimens, aiding in the diagnosis of various clinical conditions or pathophysiological states.Hematoxylin, the active component in this solution, is derived from logwood extract. The solution must undergo oxidation to convert hematoxylin into hematein, which is then combined with a metallic ion (mordant) for effective staining. Common mordants used include salts of aluminium or iron.

Mayer’s Hematoxylin Solution is primarily utilized for:

• Nuclear Counterstaining: It serves as an effective nuclear counterstain in immunohistochemistry and cytochemistry, providing contrast to cellular components stained by other methods.
• Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) Staining: While it can be used for standard H&E staining, it is particularly beneficial in situations where acid alcohol differentiation could compromise cytoplasmic staining.
• Progressive Staining: This solution is classified as a progressive stain, which means it selectively stains nuclear chromatin at a lower dye concentration, allowing for precise control over the staining intensity based on exposure time. This contrasts with regressive stains that intensely color both nuclear and cytoplasmic structures, requiring subsequent differentiation to achieve the desired staining outcome.
• Final “Blueing” Step: After staining, tissue sections initially appear purple or reddish-purple. They undergo a "blueing" process through exposure to alkaline solutions, resulting in the characteristic blue color of hematoxylin-stained slides. This final step enhances the clarity and quality of the staining, making it easier to visualize nuclear structures.

Selective staining with hematoxylin, review; For staining nuclear material

Selective staining with hematoxylin, reviewcitation; For staining nuclear materialcitation