Staphylococcal enterotoxin B from Staphylococcus aureus

Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) which binds to MHC class II molecules and specific Vβ regions of T cell receptors (TCR), resulting in the activation of both monocytes/macrophages and T lymphocytes may be used as a superantigen and immune system activator. SEB may be used as a reference material in the development of SEB detection systems.

A superantigen for T-lymphocytes. Activator of the immune system that binds to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens and CD28.

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Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB) is a potent exotoxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus, classified as a superantigen due to its unique ability to activate T-cells non-specifically. This activation occurs through the cross-linking of T-cell receptors (TCRs) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules, leading to a massive release of cytokines and an exaggerated immune response. SEB is associated with food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome, making it a critical agent for studying the mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis and immune dysregulation.
In addition to its role in infectious disease research, SEB serves as a valuable tool for investigating autoimmune conditions and the development of immunotherapies. Its ability to induce T-cell activation and proliferation makes it an important reagent for exploring T-cell biology, including differentiation, memory formation, and the effects of various immunomodulators.