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  • HumanKine® beta NGF, -VP1508058

    Document Type:
    Certificate of Analysis
    Lot Number:
    VP1508058
    Product Catalog Number:
    GF401
    Product Catalog Name:
    HumanKine® beta NGF, Human Recombinant Xeno-Free - (HumanKine® beta NGF, Human Recombinant Xeno-Free)

  • HumanKine® beta NGF, -VP1504071

    Document Type:
    Certificate of Analysis
    Lot Number:
    VP1504071
    Product Catalog Number:
    GF401
    Product Catalog Name:
    HumanKine® beta NGF, Human Recombinant Xeno-Free - (HumanKine® beta NGF, Human Recombinant Xeno-Free)

  • Two-site enzyme immunoassay for beta NGF applied to human patient sera. 1433383

    Nerve growth factor (NGF) supports sympathetic and sensory neurons in the peripheral nervous system and serves functions in the development and maintenance of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain. NGF distribution can be studied with the use of a sensitive two-site enzyme immunoassay (EIA). The monoclonal antibody 27/21 to mouse NGF was recently shown to effectively block the activity of both recombinant human NGF and native mouse NGF, and a two-site EIA using monoclonal antibody 27/21 was optimized. We have now applied this assay to examine NGF levels in normal human serum and serum from Parkinson, Alzheimer, and Huntington patients. To further test the specificity of conjugate binding, dilutions of the human sera were preincubated with an excess of monoclonal NGF antibody 27/21 in solution. With this strategy it was possible to completely block the signal obtained using the two-site EIA. Furthermore, we show that recombinant BDNF and NT-3 do not cross-react with monoclonal antibody 27/21 under our conditions. We found low levels of specific NGF immunoreactivity in normal human sera (0.4 +/- 0.1 ng/ml). Significantly lower levels of NGF were found in sera from patients with Parkinson's and Huntington's disease whereas sera from Alzheimer patients showed only slight reductions in the NGF level. Two patients who had received intracerebral NGF infusions (one with Parkinson's and other with Alzheimer's disease) showed significantly elevated serum levels of NGF during the period of infusion. Due to an inhibitory activity in human serum, it was impossible to demonstrate the low levels of NGF activity in the human serum samples using explanted embryonic sympathetic ganglia, even after concentration by pressure dialysis. Thus, the serum levels are below the limit to evoke a response in NGF-sensitive neurons and thus to expect any physiological effect. Nevertheless, the levels measured may be used as indicators in clinical conditions such as Parkinson's and Huntington's disease.
    Document Type:
    Reference
    Product Catalog Number:
    MAB5260-60UG
    Product Catalog Name:
    Anti-Nerve Growth Factor Antibody, clone 27/21 - (Anti-Nerve Growth Factor Antibody, clone 27/21)

  • Human beta-nerve growth factor gene sequence highly homologous to that of mouse. 6688123

    Nerve growth factor (NGF) is thought to have a profound effect on the development and maintenance of sympathetic and embryonic sensory neurones (see refs 1-3 for review). NGF activity isolated from the male mouse submaxillary gland (MSG) consists of three types of subunits, alpha, beta and gamma, which specifically interact to form a 7S, approximately 130,000-molecular weight (Mr) complex. The 7S complex contains two identical 118-amino acid beta-chains, which are solely responsible for the nerve growth-stimulating activity of NGF. While NGF is found in almost all vertebrates, most research has focused on murine NGF, as the mouse male submaxillary gland contains higher levels of this polypeptide than other tissues. Even so, beta-NGF comprises only approximately 0.1% of the protein in this small gland, which has made the study of this polypeptide difficult. The amino acid sequence of the mouse NGF beta-chain has been determined and some information has been obtained regarding the size of a mouse precursor molecule, pro-beta-NGF, but little was known about the structure and relatedness of beta-NGF from other vertebrates. Here we describe the isolation of mouse beta-NGF complementary DNA (cDNA) and present its nucleotide sequence, which predicts a prepro-beta-NGF molecule of Mr 27,000 (27K) and a pro-beta-NGF molecule of Mr 25K. We have used the mouse beta-NGF cDNA clone to isolate the human beta-NGF gene, the coding regions of which are highly homologous to the mouse prepro-beta-NGF nucleotide and amino acid sequences.
    Document Type:
    Reference
    Product Catalog Number:
    MAB5260-60UG
    Product Catalog Name:
    Anti-Nerve Growth Factor Antibody, clone 27/21 - (Anti-Nerve Growth Factor Antibody, clone 27/21)

  • Expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in chronic idiopathic cough. 19463161

    In patients with chronic idiopathic cough, there is a chronic inflammatory response together with evidence of airway wall remodelling and an increase in airway epithelial nerves expressing TRPV-1. We hypothesised that these changes could result from an increase in growth factors such as TGFbeta and neurotrophins. We recruited 13 patients with persistent non-asthmatic cough despite specific treatment of associated primary cause(s), or without associated primary cause, and 19 normal non-coughing volunteers without cough as controls, who underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and bronchial biopsies. There was a significant increase in the levels of TGFbeta in BAL fluid, but not of nerve growth factor(NGF) and brain-derived nerve growth factor(BDNF) compared to normal volunteers. Levels of TFGbeta gene and protein expression were assessed in bronchial biopsies. mRNA expression for TGFbeta was observed in laser-captured airway smooth muscle and epithelial cells, and protein expression by immunohistochemistry was increased in ASM cells in chronic cough patients, associated with an increase in nuclear expression of the transcription factor, smad 2/3. Subbasement membrane thickness was significantly higher in cough patients compared to normal subjects and there was a positive correlation between TGF-beta levels in BAL and basement membrane thickening. TGFbeta in the airways may be important in the airway remodelling changes observed in chronic idiopathic cough patients, that could in turn lead to activation of the cough reflex.
    Document Type:
    Reference
    Product Catalog Number:
    07-408
    Product Catalog Name:
    Anti-Smad2/3 Antibody - (Anti-Smad2/3 Antibody)