1,1-Dimetilbiguanida hydrochloride

1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride (metformin) is a strong base. It forms well defined salts and possessing excellent coordination capacity with transition metals, forming highly colored bidentate chelate complexes. Metformin (MET) exists in various forms: diprotonated (H₂MET)²⁺ in strong acidic solution, monoprotonated (HMET)⁺ in weak acid, MET in neutral and deprotonated (MET)^- in strong alkali solution. It is an oral antidiabetic drug. Pharmacokinetics of metformin has been studied. Determination of metformin in human plasma has been described by simple HPLC-UV method. Metformin is reported to increase plasma active glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in humans.

Metformin is used as an organic base catalyst for the transesterification of coconut oil with methanol.

1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride is suitable biguanide agent used in a study to investigate its role in enhancing the secretions of plasma active glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels. It may be used in the synthesis of the following:

• bis(1,1-dimethylbiguanido)copper(II) octahydrate
• bis(1,1-dimethylbiguanido)nickel(II)
• 1,1-dimethylbiguanidium tetrabromothallate(III)

La metformina es un antidiabético que reduce las concentraciones de glucosa en sangre y mejora la sensibilidad a la insulina. Sus efectos metabólicos, entre ellos la inhibición de la gluconeogénesis hepática, están mediados al menos en parte por la activación de la ruta LKB1-AMPK (proteína cinasa activada por AMP). La activación de esta vía también parece estar implicada en las acciones antiproliferativas y proapoptóticas de la metformina en las líneas de células cancerosas.