Chloramphénicol

Chemical structure: phenicole

Chloramphenicol is a synthetic antibiotic, isolated from strains of Streptomyces venezuelae. It is often used for bacterial selection in molecular biology applications at 10-20 μg/mL and as a selection agent for transformed cells containing chloramphenicol reistance genes.

Mode d'action : Le chloramphénicol inhibe la synthèse protéique bactérienne en bloquant l'étape de la peptidyl transférase en se fixant à la sous-unité ribosomale 50S et en empêchant la fixation de l'aminoacyl-ARNt au ribosome. Il inhibe également la synthèse protéique dans les mitochondries et les chloroplastes et la formation des ribosomes par les (p)ppGpp, ralentissant ainsi la transcription de l'ARNr.

Mode de résistance : La chloramphénicol acétyltransférase acétyle, et donc, inactive le produit.

Spectre antimicrobien : Il s'agit d'un antibiotique à large spectre actif sur les bactéries à Gram positif et les bactéries à Gram négatif principalement destiné à un usage ophtalmologique et vétérinaire.

Stock solutions can be prepared directly in the vial at any recommended concentration. A solution at 50 mg/mL in ethanol yields a clear, very faint, yellow solution. Degradation of chloramphenicol in aqueous solution is catalyzed by general acids and bases. This rate of degradation is independent of the ionic strength and pH.

Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place, Light sensitive. Storage class (TRGS 510): Non-combustible, acute toxic Cat.3 / toxic hazardous materials or hazardous materials causing chronic effects

Stock solutions should be stored at 2-8°C and are stable at 37°C for 5 days. Aqueous solutions are neutral and stable over a wide pH range, with 50% hydrolysis occurring after 290 days. Use of a borax buffered solution reduces this number to 14%. Solutions should be protected from light as photochemical decomposition results in a yellowing of the solution. Heating aqueous solutions at 115°C for 30 minutes results in a 10% loss of chloramphenicol.