Zymosan A from Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Zymosan A from Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been used:

• as a positive control to determine the activation of complement cascade
• for respiratory burst (RB) assay
• to assess its effects on performance, immunity, heat shock protein and apoptosis related gene expressions of dairy cows under heat stress (HS)
• a stimulating agent in Krebs-Ringer phosphate (KRP) medium
• to induce thermal hyperalgesia in mice

Zymosan is prepared from yeast cell wall and consists of protein-carbohydrate complexes. It is used to induce experimental sterile inflammation. In macrophages, zymosan-induced responses include the induction of proinflammatory cytokines, arachidonate mobilization, protein phosphorylation, and inositol phosphate formation. Zymosan A also raises cyclin D2 levels suggesting a role for the latter in macrophage activation besides proliferation. It potentiates acute liver damage after galactosamine injection suggesting that certain types of nonparenchymal cells other than Kupffer cells are involved in zymosan action. Zymosan A, a 13 beta glucan contributes to the development of organic dust-induced respiratory disease.