Specification sheet - 1.07200 Certified sec. standard reference buffer solution pH 4.00 Certipur®
- Document Type:
- Technical Information
1.07200
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SUMOylation of Tr2 orphan receptor involves Pml and fine-tunes Oct4 expression in stem cells.
- The Tr2 orphan nuclear receptor can be SUMOylated, resulting in the replacement of coregulators recruited to the regulatory region of its endogenous target gene, Oct4. UnSUMOylated Tr2 activates Oct4, enhancing embryonal carcinoma-cell proliferation, and is localized to the promyelocytic leukemia (Pml) nuclear bodies. When its abundance is elevated, Tr2 is SUMOylated at Lys238 and seems to be released from the nuclear bodies to act as a repressor. SUMOylation of Tr2 induces an exchange of its coregulators: corepressor Rip140 replaces coactivator Pcaf, which switches Tr2 from an activator to a repressor. This involves dynamic partitioning of Tr2 into Pml-containing and Pml-free pools. These results support a model where SUMOylation-dependent partitioning and differential coregulator recruitment contribute to the maintenance of a homeostatic supply of activating, as opposed to repressive, Tr2, thus fine-tuning Oct4 expression and regulating stem-cell proliferation.
- Document Type:
- Reference
- Product Catalog Number:
- 05-718
- Product Catalog Name:
- Anti-PML Antibody, clone 36.1-104
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Retinoic acid-stimulated sequential phosphorylation, PML recruitment, and SUMOylation of nuclear receptor TR2 to suppress Oct4 expression.
- We previously reported an intricate mechanism underlying the homeostasis of Oct4 expression in normally proliferating stem cell culture of P19, mediated by SUMOylation of orphan nuclear receptor TR2. In the present study, we identify a signaling pathway initiated from the nongenomic activity of all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) to stimulate complex formation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) with its upstream kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK). The activated ERK2 phosphorylates threonine-210 (Thr-210) of TR2, stimulating its subsequent SUMOylation. Dephosphorylated TR2 recruits coactivator PCAF and functions as an activator for its target gene Oct4. Upon phosphorylation at Thr-210, TR2 increasingly associates with promyelocytic leukemia (PML) nuclear bodies, becomes SUMOylated, and recruits corepressor RIP140 to act as a repressor for its target, Oct4. To normally proliferating P19 stem cell culture, exposure to a physiological concentration of atRA triggers a rapid nongenomic signaling cascade to suppress Oct4 gene and regulate cell proliferation.
- Document Type:
- Reference
- Product Catalog Number:
- 05-718
- Product Catalog Name:
- Anti-PML Antibody, clone 36.1-104
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COA 107200
- Document Type:
- Certificate of Analysis
- Product Catalog Number:
- 107200
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Brochure: Physical & Chemical Property Standards for Analytical Characterization
- Document Type:
- Brochure
- Product Catalog Number:
- Multiple
- Product Catalog Name:
- Multiple
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pH Calibration is Now so Easy
- Document Type:
- Brochure
- Product Catalog Number:
- Multiple
- Product Catalog Name:
- Multiple
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Certification Report: Certipur® Secondary Buffers
- Document Type:
- Technical Information
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RABBIT ANTI-RAT MONOCYTE CHEMOTACTIC PROTEIN-1 AFFINITY PURIFIED POLYCLONAL ANTIBODY
- Document Type:
- Certificate of Analysis
- Lot Number:
- 2707200
- Product Catalog Number:
- AB1834P
- Product Catalog Name:
- Anti-Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 Antibody