チトクロームc ヒト心臓由来

Cytochrome c (CYCS) is mapped to human chromosome 7p15.3. CYCS is a heme protein containing three long α-helices. It undergoes domain swapping at the C-terminus and exists in dimeric, trimeric, and tetrameric forms. Insertion mutations in CYCS is implicated in acute myeloid leukemia. Mutations in CYCS modulates the release of proplatelets and decreases platelet production leading to thrombocytopenia 4.

Cytochrome c has been identified as an important mediator in apoptotic pathways. The release of mitochondrial cytochrome c into the cytoplasm stimulates apoptosis and is commonly used as an indicator of the apoptotic process in the cell. Investigation on the effect of Paris Saponin I (PS I) on human gastric carcinoma cell growth (SGC7901 cells) have shown an elevated level cytoplasmic cytochrome c. Results are an inhibition of proliferation in SGC7901 cells by inducing mitochondria-dependent apoptosis through cytochrome c.

Cytochrome c from human heart has been used for the generation of standard curves in the electrochemiluminescence assay for measurement of cytochrome C levels in plasma samples and in electrospray ionization mass spectrum (ESI-MS) analysis.

シトクロムcは、ミトコンドリア電子伝達鎖の可動電子伝達体である、低分子ヘムタンパク質です。アポトーシスのインヒビターでもあります。

第一鉄と第二鉄の状態の間で細胞内のシトクロムcは素早く変化するため、効率的な生物学的電子輸送体となっています。 植物および動物ともに、細胞の酸化に不可欠な役割を果たしています。一般的に、呼吸の汎用触媒と考えられ、呼吸性基質と酸素の間で重要な電子ブリッジを形成します。

The ready fluctuation of cytochrome c within the cell between ferrous and ferric states, makes it an efficient biological electron-transporter. It plays a vital role in cellular oxidations in both plants and animals. Generally regarded as a universal catalyst of respiration, it forms the essential electron-bridge between the respirable substrates and oxygen.

In addition to its function in electron transport, cytochrome c acts as an apoptosis-triggering agent, forming the apoptosome with apoptosis protease-activating factor-1 (Apaf-1) and activating the caspase cascade. The two functions are finely tuned by phosphorylation of Tyr residues at position 48 and/or 97. One recent report provides suggestive evidence that phosphorylation at Tyr⁴⁸ switches off the apoptotic effect.

0.2 μmフィルタ-で濾過したPBS溶液の凍結乾燥品。

精製中に酸化されています。

詳細は、www.sigma-aldrich.com/enzymeexplorerのシトクローム cと電子輸送をご覧ください。